أثر الموت الأسود على المجتمع الإنجليزي في النصف الثاني من القرن 14م

نوع المستند : المقالة الأصلية

المؤلف

قسم التاريخ والحضارة، كلية الآداب، جامعة بورسعيد، مصر

المستخلص

يتناول هذا البحث تأثير الموت الأسود على البنية الاجتماعية للمجتمع الإنجليزي في النصف الثاني من القرن الرابع عشر؛ حيث كان له عظيم الأثر على الأسرة والفرد والجماعة ورجال الدين والساسة والفقراء والأغنياء على حدٍ سواء، وأثَّر على مكانة المرأة؛ حيث فقدت الكثير من حقوقها التي قد كفلها  القانون العام الإنجليزي لها قبل الموت الأسود. وكان هذا الوباء هو السبب في تدمير العلاقات والروابط  داخل الأسرة الإنجليزية، فنشر الخوف والفزع والموت بين الناس، وكان السبب في التغيرات التي طرأت على الطقوس الجنائزية، وعملية دفن الموتى التي أصبحت غير إنسانية خلال تلك الفترة؛ ونتيجة لما أحدثه من زيادة في عدد الوفيات بين الطلاب في إنجلترا، توقفت الحركة التعليمة؛ حيث ترتب على الموت الأسود ارتفاع هائل في معدلات الوفيات. وكانت هناك مجموعة من العوامل التي استطاع من خلالها الموت الأسود أن يختار ضحاياه؛ فقد تسبب الموت الأسود في الشتات الذي أصاب المجتمع في صميم  كيانه.
This research deals with the impact of the Black Death on the social structure of English society in the second half of the 14th  century; as it had a great impact on family, individual, group, clergy, politicians, and the poor and the rich alike. In addition, it affected the status of women; as they lost many of their rights that were guaranteed by English common law before the Black Death. This epidemic was the reason for the destruction of relationships and ties within the English family, spreading fear, panic and death among people, and changing funeral rituals and the process of burying the dead, which became inhumane during that period. As a result of the increase in the number of deaths among students in England, the educational movement stopped. This is mainly because the Black Death resulted in a huge increase in death rates. There were a group of factors through which the Black Death was able to choose its victims; the Black Death caused the dispersion that affected society at the core of its being.

الكلمات الرئيسية

الموضوعات الرئيسية

المراجع

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مجلة کلية الآداب .جامعة بورسعيد
المجلد 31، العدد 31 - الرقم المسلسل للعدد 31
(يناير-الجزء الأول)
يناير 2025
الصفحة 451-488

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