دور الذكاء الاصطناعي في تطوير العملية التعليمية والبحث العلمي في الجامعات "دراسة ميدانية في جامعة المنصورة"

نوع المستند : المقالة الأصلية

المؤلفون

1 المعهد العالي للخدمة الاجتماعية بالشرقية

2 قسم علم الاجتماع ، كلية الآداب، جامعة المنصورة.

المستخلص

يَهْدُفُ هَذَا الْبَحْثِ إلَى إبْرَازِ أهمية تقنية الذكاء الاصطناعي في التعليم العالي، وأهدافه، ومعرفة دور الذكاء الاصطناعي في تطوير العملية التعليمية ومدي تأثيراته، والتعرف علي توظيف الذكاء الاصطناعي في التعليم العالي بين الفرص والتحديات، وأخيرًا معرفة دور تطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي في دعم البحث العلمي.
وَقَدِ اِعْتَمَدَتْ هَذِهِ الدِّرَاسَةُ على المنهجِ الوصفي بالاستعانةِ بطريقة المسح الاجتماعي بالعينة، مستخدمهً استمارةَ الاستبيانِ التي طُبِقًتْ على عينةٍ قوامها (398) من طلاب كلية الحاسبات والمعلومات بجامعة المنصورة، فضلًا عن استخدام المقابلات المتعمقة مع (12) عضوًا من أعضاء هيئة التدريس بكلية الحاسبات والمعلومات باختلاف درجاتهم العلمية وتخصصاتهم بجامعة المنصورة، والتي صممت من أجل للحصول على بياناتٍ أكثرَ تعمقًا عن موضوع الدراسة، بطريقة تحقق أهداف البحث، وقد خلُصتْ نتائجُ الدراسةِ الميدانيةِ إلى أن هناك عديد من التحديات التي تواجه تنفيذ الذكاء الاصطناعي في التعليم العالي، تتمثل في حوكمة البيانات وإدارتها وتكاملها بشكل غير فعال، عدم كفاية الخبرة الفنية، ارتفاع التكاليف لتطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي، الخصوصية والأمن والاعتبارات الأخلاقية، وأخيرًا عدم توفر البنية التحتية اللازمة للذكاء الاصطناعي، ضعف تأهيل المعلمين وتطوير مهاراتهم للتلائم مع تقنيات التعلم.
Abstract
This research aims to highlight the importance of artificial intelligence technology in higher education, its objectives, know the role of artificial intelligence in developing the educational process and the extent of its effects, identify the employment of artificial intelligence in higher education between opportunities and challenges, and finally know the role of artificial intelligence applications in supporting scientific research.
This study relied on the descriptive approach using the social sample survey method, using a questionnaire form that was applied to a sample of (398) students from the Faculty of Computers and Information at Mansoura University, in addition to using in-depth interviews with (12) members of the faculty at the Faculty of Computers and Information in different fields. Their academic degrees and specializations at Mansoura University, which was designed in order to obtain more in-depth data on the subject of the study, in a way that achieves the research objectives. The results of the study concluded that there are many challenges facing the implementation of artificial intelligence in higher education, represented in data governance, management, and integration in a proper manner. Ineffective, insufficient technical expertise, high costs for artificial intelligence applications, privacy, security and ethical considerations, and finally the lack of the necessary infrastructure for artificial intelligence, poor qualification of teachers and development of their skills to adapt to learning technologies.

الكلمات الرئيسية

الموضوعات الرئيسية

المراجع

  • أولًا: المراجع العربية:

    • جيدنز، أنتوني (2002): مقدمة نقدية في علم الاجتماع، ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ: أﺣﻤﺪ زاﻳﺪ وآخرون، مطبوعات مركز البحوث والدراسات الاجتماعية، كلية الآداب، جامعة القاهرة.
    • خلف، صلاح ساهي( 2023): دور تطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي في تطوير المهارات التربوية والتعليمية في الوطن العربي وانعكاساتها علي نظم التعليم التقليدية: دراسة ميدانية، مجلة آداب الفراهيدي ، العراق، المجلد (15) ، العدد(52)، كانون الثاني.
    • سالم، انتصار شبل & عفيفي، هبة حامد( 2022): العوامل المؤثرة علي قبول أعضاء هيئة التدريس بكلية الاقتصاد المنزلي لاستخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي لدعم التعليم الجامعي في ضوء النظرية الموحدة لقبول واستخدام التكنولوجيا ((UTAUT ، المجلة الدولية للتعليم الإلكتروني،المجلد السابع، العدد الثالث ، أكتوبر.
    • عبد القادر، رشا محمد الهندي (2022): متطلبات توظيف الذكاء الاصطناعي في التعليم الجامعي من وجهة نظر أعضاء هيئة التدريس بجامعة القاهرة(كلية الدراسات العليا للتربية نموذجًا)، مجلة العلوم التربوية، جامعة القاهرة، المجلد(30) ، العدد(3) ، الجزء الثالث، يوليو.
    • المصري، إيمان عثمان & الطراونة، إخليف يوسف(2021): واقع استخدام تطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي الداعمة لتحول الجامعات الأردنية الحكومية إلي جامعات منتجة من وجهة نظر القيادات الأكاديمية، مجلة كلية التربية، جامعة أسيوط ، المجلد(37)، العدد(11) ، نوفمبر.
    • منظمة الأمم المتحدة "الإسكوا"(2019): الابتكار والتكنولوجيا من التنمية المستدامة: آفاق واعدة في المنطقة العربية لعام 2030، بيروت، لبنان.

    ثانيًا: المراجع الأجنبية:

    • Abbasi, Suhni &Kazi, Hameedullah (2014):Measuring effectiveness of learning chatbot systems on Student’s learning outcome and memory retention, Asian Journal of Applied Science and Engineering, Vol (3), Issue (7), August.
    • Agarwal, Pooja et al(2013):Research Paper on Artificial Intelligence, Case Studies Journal, Vol(2), No (6), July.
    • Ahmad , Fayaz et al(2022): Academic and Administrative Role of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Sustainability ,MDPI, Basel, Switzerland, (14),19 January.
    • Alam ,Ashraf & Mohanty, Atasi (2023) :Foundation for the Future of Higher Education or Misplaced Optimism’? Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence ,In Carlos A. Coello (Eds.): Innovations in Intelligent Computing and Communication, Springer, Nature Switzerland ,January .
    • Alimi, Adebayo Emmanuel et al(2021):University Students’ awareness of Access to, And Use of Artificial intelligence for Learning in Kwara State, Indonesian Journal of Teaching in Science, Volume (1),Issue (2).
    • Almohammadi, Khalid et al (2017): A Survey of Artificial Intelligence Techniques Employed for Adaptive Educational Systems Within E-Learning Platforms, Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research, Vol. (7), No. (1), January.
    • Bell, Daniel (1974):The Coming of Post-Industrial Society: A Venture in Social Forecasting ,Heinemann Educational Books, London, 1974.
    • Bell, Daniel (1991):Technology, Nature, and Society: The Vicissitudes of Three World Views and the Confusion of Realms, in Book: The Winding Passage, Routledge.
    • Bimber, Bruce (1990): Karl Marx and the Three Faces of Technological Determinism, Social Studies of Science, Vol(20), No(2).
    • Brint, Steven(2022): The Post-Industrial University as We Know It: Daniel Bell’s Vision, Today’s Realities", in Book: Defining the Age: Daniel Bell, His Time and Ours, Columbia University Press ,New York.
    • Buaben, Jabal M et al(2021):The Theory of Post-Industrial Society, Akademika, Vol.(91), No.(1).
    • Büscher, Christian (2020):Scaling up qualitative mathematics education research through Artificial Intelligence methods, For the Learning of Mathematics, Vol (40), No (2).
    • Cattani, Carlo et al (2023): Artificial Intelligence and Scientific Research: Values at Stake in Education. In: Roumate, F. (eds) Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education and Scientific Research. Bridging Human and Machine: Future Education with Intelligence, Vol (1), Springer, Singapore.
    • Chassignol ,Maud et al(2018): Artificial Intelligence Trends in Education: a narrative overview, Procedia Computer Science, Elsevier B.V, Vol (136.
    • Chen, Lijia & Lin, Zhijian(2020): Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Review, IEEE Access, Vol.(8),May.
    • Chu, Hui Chun et al(2022): Roles and research trends of artificial intelligence in higher education: A systematic review of the top 50 most-cited articles, Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, Vol (38),No(3).
    • Collins,David (1998):Knowledge Work or Working Knowledge? Ambiguity and Confusion in the Analysis of the "Knowledge Age", Journal of Systemic Knowledge Management, March.
    • Cope,Bill.; Kalantzis,Mary & Searsmith, Duane (2020):Artificial intelligence for education: Knowledge and its assessment in AI-enabled learning ecologies, Educational Philosophy and Theory, Vol(53), No(1),February.
    • Cortés, Ulises et al(2000): Artificial Intelligence and Environmental Decision Support Systems, Applied Intelligence, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Laboratory, University of Girona, Vol.(13), No.(1),July.
    • Crompton,Helen & Song, Donggil (2021): The Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education, Revista Virtual Universidad Católica Del Norte, Vol (62), February.
    • Crompton,Helen &Burke, Diane (2023):Artificial intelligence in higher education: the state of the feld, International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, Vol (20), No (1).
    • De Melo, F. Ramos Et al (2014):Computational organization of didactic contents for personalized virtual learning environments, Computers & Education Vol(79), October.
    • Devi, J Sirisha et al (2022):A Path Towards Child-Centric Artificial Intelligence based Education, International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education (INT-JECS) ,Vol .(14), Issue (03).
    • Dhawan,Shivangi &Batra, Gopal (2021): Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: Promises, Perils, and Perspective, Expanding Knowledge Horizon. OJAS, 11, January.
    • Dickler,Rachel(2019):An Intelligent Tutoring System and Teacher Dashboard to Support Mathematizing During Science Inquiry, In book: Artificial Intelligence in Education, Springer, June.
    • Duff,A. S. (1998):Daniel Bell’s theory of the information society, Journal of Information Science, Vol( 24), No (6).
    • European Commission (2019): A definition of AI: Main capabilities and scientific disciplines, Definition developed for the purpose of the deliverables of the EC High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence, Directorate-General for Communication, Brussels, 8 April.
    • EY, F. (2017): Leapfrogging To Education 4.0: Student At The Core, report of the Ernest and Young prepared for FICC, India.
    • Fadel, Charles et al(2019): Artificial Intelligence In Education Promises and Implications for Teaching and Learning, The Center for Curriculum Redesign, Boston, United States of America.
    • Ferkiss,Victor (1975):Daniel Bell's Concept of Post-Industrial Society, Theory, Myth, and Ideology, The Coming of Post-Industrial Society, A Venture in Social Forecasting, , New York.
    • Fernandez, Luke (2021): Teaching Students How to Frame Human-Computer Interactions Using Instrumentalism, Technological Determinism, and a Quadrant Learning Activity, Frontiers in Computer Science, 23 December.
    • Fernándezet, Yolvi Ocaña et al(2019): Artificial Intelligence and its Implications in Higher Education, Propósitos y Representaciones, Vice-Chancellorship for Research, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Vol. (7), No (2), Aug.
    • Fryer,Luke et al(2019): Chatbot learning partners: Connecting learning experiences, interest and competence, Computers in Human Behavior , April.
    • Giddens, Anthony (2006): Sociology ,(5th ed.), Polity Press, Cambridge.
    • Goksel, Nil& Bozkurt, Aras (2019) :Artificial Intelligence in Education: Current Insights and Future Perspectives, In book: Handbook of Research on Learning in the Age of Trans humanism , IGI Global, Hershey, January.
    • Gómez, Emilia et al (2018): Assessing the impact of machine intelligence on human behaviour: an interdisciplinary endeavour, Joint Research Centre Conference and Workshop Reports, Publications Office of the European Union, Seville.
    • González, Esteban Elsa& Calvo, Patrici(2022) :Ethically governing artificial intelligence in the field of scientific research and innovation, Heliyon, Vol. (8).                                                                                 
    • Goodfellow, Ian; Bengio,Yoshua & Courville ,Aaron(2016): Deep learning. MIT Press.
    • Guan ,Chong ; Mou,Jian  & Jiang, Zhiying (2020): Artificial intelligence innovation in education: A twenty-year data-driven historical analysis, International Journal of Innovation Studies, Vol .(4),  No(4).
    • Gul, Shahla et al(2017):A Survey on Role of Internet of Things in Education, IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, Vol.(17) No.(5), May.
    • Gulavani, Sampada S. et al (2022): Role of Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education, UGC Care Group I Journal, Vol.(82), No. (23), December.
    • Hajji, Said (2023):Educational Sovereignty and Artificial Intelligence Challenges: The Case of Morocco , In: Roumate, F. (eds) Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education and Scientific Research. Bridging Human and Machine: Future Education with Intelligence, Springer, Singapore, Vol (1).
    • Haripriya S.& Manikandan,L. C.(2020):A Study on Artificial Intelligence Technologies and its Applications, International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology, Vol (6), No(4),July-August.
    • Holmes,Wayne et al(2023):Artificial intelligence in education, In: Data Ethics: Building trust, How Digital Technologies can serve Humanity, Globethics Publications.
    • Huang, Shien Ping (2018): Effects of Using Artificial Intelligence Teaching System for Environmental Education on Environmental Knowledge and Attitude, (EURASIA) Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, UK, Vol .(14),No. (7),13 May.
    • Huauya ,Robert J. A.(2023):Higher Education and The Challenges of Artificial Intelligence: period between 2017 and 2022, European Chemical Bulletin, Volume(12), issue(7).
    • Ifenthaler, Dirk& Yau, Jane(2019):Higher Education Stakeholders’ Views on Learning Analytics Policy Recommendations for Supporting Study Success, International Journal of Learning Analytics and Artificial Intelligence for Education (iJAI), Vol(1), No(1).
    • Jain,Suvrat & Jain, Roshita (2019): Role of Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education- an empirical Investigation, International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews(IJRAR), Vol (6),No(2), May.
    • Jan, Azam et al(2021):Marshal McLuhan’s Technological Determinism Theory in the Arena of Social Media, Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences ,Volume(18), Issue (2). Jin, Ling (2019):Investigation on Potential Application of Artificial Intelligence in Preschool Children’s Education, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol (1288), No (1).
    • Kaplan, Andreas & Haenlein, Michael(2019):Siri, Siri, in my hand: Who’s the fairest in the land? On the interpretations, illustrations, and implications of artificial intelligence , Business Horizons, Vol (62),No(1).
    • Karsenti, Thierry(2019) :Artificial intelligence in Education: The urgent need to prepare teachers for tomorrow’s schools, Formation et profession, Vol.(27), No.(1).
    • Khare, Kriti et al(2018): Artificial Intelligence and the Student Experience: An Institutional Perspective, AFOR Journal of Education ,Volume (6) ,Issue (3).
    • King, Michael R. (2023):A Conversation on Artificial Intelligence, Chatbots, and Plagiarism in Higher Education, Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering , Biomedical Engineering Society, Vol. (16), No. (1), February.
    • Kiryakova,Gabriela et al (2018): The Potential of Augmented Reality to Transform Education into Smart Education, TEM Journal, Volume (7), Issue (3),August.
    • Kuleto,Valentin et al(2021): Exploring Opportunities and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Higher Education Institutions, Sustainability, MDPI, Switzerland, Vol.(13),No.(18),18 September.
    • Ladda, Reshma& Saraf, Rupali (2019):Artificial Intelligence, its Impact on Higher Education, Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR), Volume (6), Issue (4),April.
    • Lancrin,Stéphan .V.& Vlies, Reyer .V. (2020): Trustworthy artificial intelligence (AI) in Education: Promises and challenges OECD Education Working Paper No(218),Paris, 6 April.
    • Li ,Jun et al (2021):Design of Higher Education System Based on Artificial Intelligence Technology, Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, 28 December.
    • Liu , Xing  & Huang, Xiaoyin (2022):Design of Artificial Intelligence-Based English Network Teaching (AI-ENT) System, Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi, 27 September.
    • Liu, Ming; Rus, Vasile; Liu, Li(2018):Automatic Chinese Multiple Choice Question Generation Using Mixed Similarity Strategy, IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies,, Vol(11), No(2), Jun.
    • Luckin, Rosemary (2017): Towards artificial intelligence-based assessment systems, Nature Human Behaviour, Springer, February.
    • Luckin, Rosemary& Holmes, Wayne (2016):Intelligence Unleashed: An argument for AI in Education, Pearson, London, February.
    • Ma,Yizhi &Siau, Keng L.(2018): Artificial Intelligence Impacts on Higher Education, Association for Information Systems, AIS Electronic Library (AISeL), 11 September.
    • Malik, Garima et al(2019):An Analysis of the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Education and Teaching, In book: Recent Findings in Intelligent Computing Techniques, Springer, January.
    • McGrath,Cormac et al(2023): University teachers’ perceptions of responsibility and artificial intelligence in higher education - An experimental philosophical study , Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, Vol(4), April.
    • Miles ,Lan(1996): The Information Society: Information and Communication Technologies, Oxford University Press, Oxford.  
    • Naidoo, Jayaluxmi & Pillay, A. Singh(2020):Exploring Mathematics Teachers' Professional Development: Embracing the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Universal Journal of Educational Research Vol.(8) , No.(6), June.
    • OECD(2019): Artificial Intelligence in Society, OECD Publishing, Paris, 11 Jun.
    • Olimjonovna, G. Madina(2023):Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Education, Best Journal of Innovation in Science, Research and Development, Vol.(2), No.(7).
    • Paragas, Fernando &Lin, Trisha(2016):Organizing and reframing technological determinism, New Media & Society, Vol (18) , No(8).
    • Pedró,Francesc(2020):Applications of Artificial Intelligence to Higher Education: Possibilities, Evidence, and Challenges , Open Journal of IUL University, Vol .(1),No(1).
    • Pence, Harry E.(2019):Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: New Wine in Old Wineskins?, Journal of Educational Technology Systems, SAGE Publications, Vol. (48), No.(1).
    • Picciano, Anthony G.(2019): Artificial intelligence and the academy’s loss of purpose, Online Learning, Vol (23) ,No (3).
    • Pisica, Alina Iorga et al(2023): Implementing Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: Pros and Cons from the Perspectives of Academics, societies, Vol (13),No (118),5 May.
    • Popenic, Stefan A. &Kerr,Sharon(2017): Exploring the impact of artificial intelligence on teaching and learning in higher education, Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning.
    • Qian, Leyi; Zhao, Yali& Cheng, Yan(2020):Evaluating China's Automated Essay Scoring System iWrite, Journal of Educational Computing Research, Vol(58), N(4), Jul.
    • Rafik,Meriem (2023): Artificial Intelligence and the Changing Roles in the Field of Higher Education and Scientific Research, In: Roumate, F. (eds) Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education and Scientific Research. Bridging Human and Machine: Future Education with Intelligence, Springer, Singapore, Vol (1).
    • Richter,Olaf Zawacki et al(2019):Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education – where are the educators?, International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education.
    • Rienties, Bart et al(2020): Defining the boundaries between Artificial Intelligence in Education, Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, Educational Data Mining, and Learning Analytics: A Need for Coherence, Frontiers in Education, Vol.(5(, No.(128),17 July.
    • Robinson, Robert. C (2016):postindustrial society, Encyclopedia Britannica, 31 Mar.
    • Rui, Zheng&Badarch ,Tuyatsetseg (2022):Research on Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Education, American Journal of Computer Science and Technology, Vol(5), No(2),May.
    • Schez,Castro.J et al(2021):An intelligent tutoring system for supporting active learning :A case study on predictive parsing learning, Information Sciences, Elsevier, Vol (544), 12 January.
    • Shi ,Yihong (2020):Handbook on Facilitating Flexible Learning During Educational Disruption: The Chinese Experience in Maintaining Undisrupted Learning in COVID-19 Outbreak, Bulletin of the Technical Committee on Learning Technology, Volume (20), Number (2).
    • Shrivastava, Roopal(2023): Role of Artificial Intelligence in Future of Education, International Journal of Professional Business Review, Miami, Vol(8) ,No(1).
    • Silima, Nanda (2020): Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education:Challenges and Opportunities, International Journal of Current Advanced Research, Vol (9),No(10),October, P,23220.
    • Silva, João .G. C.(2022):Scientific Research, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) , October.
    • Slimi, Zouhaier & Carballido, B. Villarejo (2023): Navigating the Ethical Challenges of Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: An Analysis of Seven Global AI Ethics Policies, TEM Journal, Vol(12), No(2),29 May.
    • Smith, Merritt Roe & Marx, Leo(1994):Does Technology Drive History?: The Dilemma of Technological Determinism, The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, London, England.
    • Spiegeleire ,Stephan De et al (2017):What is Artificial Intelligence?, in Report Artificial Intelligence and The future of Defense Hague Centre for Strategic Studies.
    • Stojić ,Gordana V.(2016):Daniel Bell's theory of the coming of the post-industrial society, Directory of Open Access Journals, Vol.(21),No. (46/47).
    • Tacoma,Sietske et al (2019): Automated Feedback on the Structure of Hypothesis Tests, in R. Luckin et al : Artificial Intelligence in Education: 20th International Conference, Science of Computer Programming, Springer, Vol. (11626),25-29 June.
    • Talan,Tarık & Kalinkara,Yusuf (2023): The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: ChatGPT Assessment for Anatomy Course, International Journal of Management Information Systems and Computer Science, Vol.(7), No.(1).
    • Tredinnick ,Luke(2017):Artificial intelligence and Professional roles, Business Information Review, Vol. (34), No.(1).
    • Tuomi, Ilkka (2018):The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Learning, Teaching, and Education, Science for Policy report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Union.
    • Vampugani,Venkata & Swathi, Kailasam(2018):Artificial Intelligence and its Implications in Education, International Conference on Improved Access to Distance Higher Education Focus on Underserved Communities and Uncovered Regions, Kakatiya University, India , Aug.
    • Verma, Mudit (2018): Artificial intelligence and its scope in different areas with special reference to the field of education, International Journal of Advanced Educational Research, Volume (3),Issue (1), January.
    • Véry,Philippe& Cailluet, Ludovic (2019):Intelligence artificielle et recherche en gestion. Edhec Business School.
    • Wang, Lei (2020):Artificial Intelligence and Career Development of College Teachers: Challenge and Countermeasures, Journal of Physics: Conference Series.
    • Woolf, Beverly Park(2015): AI and Education: Celebrating 30 years of Marriage, International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, Vol (4), January.
    • Xia,Xiaolin & Li,Xiaojun (2022):Artificial Intelligence for Higher Education Development and Teaching Skills, Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, Hindawi, 28 Apr.
    • Xing,Bo & Marwala,Tshilidzi (2017):Implications of the Fourth Industrial Age on Higher Education, The_Thinker, Vol.(73),No.(3),17 Mar ,Pp. 7-8.
    • Yasmin,Hena& Mazhar, Ramsha(2023):AI in Education A Few Decades from Now, In Book: Churi, Prathamesh (Edited):Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education A Practical Approach, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, London.
    • Zeide, Elana (2019): Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: Applications, Promise and Perils, and Ethical Questions, Educause Review, August.
    • Zhai, Xuesong et al(2021):A Review of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Education from 2010 to 2020, Complexity, 20 April.
    • Zhu ,Dan(2017):Analysis of the Application of Artificial Intelligence in College English Teaching, 2nd International Conference on Control, Automation, and Artificial Intelligence, Advances in Intelligent Systems Research, Atlantis Press, Volume (134).

    ثالثًا: مواقع الانترنت:

    • The Oxford Dictionary (2023):Artificial Intelligence, University of Oxford :https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.
    • UNESCO(2019):The challenges and opportunities of Artificial Intelligence in Education: https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/challenges-andopportunities-artificial-intelligence-education
    • (2022): Recommendation on the ethics of artificial intelligence. UNESCO Digital Library, Retrieved from,Pp.34-35.// www.unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000381137
    • UNESCO: AI and Education, Guidance for Policy Makers 2021. Available online: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000376709 (accessed :28 /8/2023).

    (5) وزارة الاتصالات وتكنولوجيا المعلومات، الذكاء لاصطناعي، بتاريخ 8/8/2023 من موقع// https://mcit.gov.eg/ar/Artificial_Intelligence                               

مجلة کلية الآداب .جامعة بورسعيد
المجلد 29، العدد 29 - الرقم المسلسل للعدد 29
(يوليو-الجزء الثاني)
يوليو 2024
الصفحة 395-522

ملفات

شارك

إرسال الاستشهاد إلى

الإحصائيات