Comparative Analysis of the Water Balance of Drainage Basins in Arid Regions: A Case Study of Wadi Bishah and Wadi Itwad Basins

نوع المستند : المقالة الأصلية

المؤلف

Department of Geography, College of Humanities, King Khalid University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

المستخلص

       This research provides an estimate and analysis of the water balance in Wadi Bishah and Wadi Itwad basins in Asir region (KSA). The study is based on the integrated employment of maximum daily rain data for the period (1980-2017) in a total of 10 rain stations belonging to the Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Environment, the land resources map, and the NRCS-CN model. The study came up with that the daily average of maximum rainfall (1980-2017) in (10) rainfall precipitation stations under the study - (7) rainfall precipitation stations in the Wadi Bishah basin and (3) rainfall precipitation stations in the Wadi Itwad basin.-the statistical properties of the maximum daily rain data extracted were identified, analyzed and used in calculating the water balance components by applying the NRCS-CN model. The study managed to employ the land resources map for both Wadi Bishah and Wadi Itwad basins in extracting the weighted soil curve number in each basin. The weighted soil curve number in each basin was utilized in calculating the maximum energy for water retention in the soil and the initial extraction factor that both adopted in calculating the components of the water balance by applying the aforementioned model. In conclusion, the study managed to determine/identify the weighted soil curve number for Wadi Bishah and Wadi Itwad basins and made use of it to estimate the components of the water balance and representing its spatial distribution on a map.
يقدم هذا البحث تقديراً وتحليلاً لعناصر الميزانية المائية بحوضي وادي بيشة ووادي عتود بمنطقة عسير بالاعتماد على التوظيف المتكامل لبيانات الأمطار اليومية القصوى للفترة 1980-2017 بمجموع 10 محطات مطرية تابعة لوزارة الزراعة والمياه والبيئة ولخريطة الموارد الأرضية ولنموذج NRCS-CN. توصلت هذه الدراسة إلى حساب المتوسطات اليومية للأمطار اليومية القصوى للفترة 1980-2017 بمجموع 10 محطات مطرية، منها 7 محطات بحوض وادي بيشة و 3 محطات بحوض وادي عتود. كما تم تحديد وتحليل الخصائص الاحصائية للبيانات المطرية اليومية القصوى المستخرجة من البيانات اليومية للأمطار بالمحطات المذكورة واستخدامها في حساب عناصر الميزانية المائية بتطبيق نموذج NRCS-CN. ولقد تمكنت هذه الدراسة من توظيف خريطة الموارد الأرضية لحوضي وادي بيشة ووادي عتود في استخلاص رقم منحنى التربة الموزون بكل حوض مائي واستخدامه في حساب الطاقة القصوى لاحتفاظ التربة بالماء وحساب معامل الاستخلاص الأولي المعتمدين في حساب عناصر الميزانية المائية بتطبيق النموذج المذكور. تمكنت هذه الدراسة من تحديد رقم منحنى التربة الموزون بحوضي وادي بيشة ووادي عتود واستخدامه في تقدير عناصر الميزانية المائية وتمثيل توزيعها المكاني بالحوضين على خريطة.

الكلمات الرئيسية

الموضوعات الرئيسية

المراجع

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مجلة کلية الآداب .جامعة بورسعيد
المجلد 23، العدد 23 - الرقم المسلسل للعدد 23
(يناير-الجزء الثالث)
يناير 2023
الصفحة 226-258

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